Keyboards, Formatting, and State

Keyboards

Create builders from the application:

keyboard = app.ikb().btn("Open", url="https://example.com").row().btn("Ping", callback_data="ping")
await app.send_message(chat_id=123, text="Choose:", reply_markup=keyboard.build())

• app.ikb() creates an inline keyboard builder.
• app.rkb(**opts) creates a reply keyboard builder.
• app.frk(**opts) creates a force-reply builder.
• app.rgk(**opts) creates a remove-keyboard builder.

KbdBuilder supports btn(), row(), build(), and to_dict(). Button fields are passed through to the selected Telegram keyboard type.

Formatting

Use app.html(text) or app.md(text) when a call accepts text and parse_mode:

await app.send_message(chat_id=123, **app.html("<b>Hello</b>"))

State

State is an in-memory raw key/value store indexed by (chat_id, user_id):

app.set_state(msg.chat_id, msg.from_id, "awaiting_name", {"step": 1}, ttl=300)
state = app.get_state(msg.chat_id, msg.from_id)
data = app.get_state_data(msg.chat_id, msg.from_id)
app.clear_state(msg.chat_id, msg.from_id)

A TTL expires the entry. Persistent workflows and conversation routing are application responsibilities.